Special Issue: Slip and Flow Processes in and below the Seismogenic Region
- Article
- Published:
Frictional behavior of synthetic gouge-bearing faults under the operation of pressure solution
Earth, Planets and Space volume 54, pages 1147–1152 (2002)
Abstract
Two recent experimental studies on the frictional behavior of synthetic gouge-bearing faults under the operation of pressure solution are compared. One is triaxial shear experiments on quartz gouge at high pressure-temperature hydrothermal conditions (Kanagawa et al., 2000), and the other is rotary shear experiments on halite gouge at atmospheric pressure and room temperature in the presence of methanol-water mixtures (Bos et al., 2000). In spite of quite different experimental settings and conditions, the results of these two series of experiments are strikingly similar; both cataclasis and pressure solution being active during the experiments, gouge strength rate-controlled by cataclasis, two different frictional behaviors of slip hardening and softening, slip hardening associated with gouge compaction, distributed deformation and wall-rock failure, slip softening associated with localized slip along the gouge-wall-rock interface, and the transition from slip-hardening to slip-softening behavior according to decreasing rate of pressure solution. Although there is a difference in velocity dependence of strength between quartz and halite gouges, these similarities clearly demonstrate the important effects of pressure solution on the frictional behavior of gouge-bearing faults.
References
Angevine, C. L., D. L. Turcotte, and M. D. Furnish, Pressure solution lithification as a mechanism for the stick slip behavior of faults, Tectonics, 1, 151–160, 1982.
Baykara, T. and G. M. Pharr, Effects of liquid phases on intrinsic interfacial sliding of alkali halide crystals, Acta Metall. Mater., 39, 1141–1150, 1991.
Bos, B., C. J. Peach, and C. J. Spiers, Slip behavior of simulated gouge-bearing faults under conditions favoring pressure solution, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 16,699–16,717, 2000.
Boullier, A.-M. and F. Robert, Paleoseismic events recorded in Archaean gold-quartz vein networks, Val d’Or, Abitibi, Quebec, Canada, J. Struct. Geol., 14, 161–179, 1992.
Cox, S. F., Faulting processes at high fluid pressures: An example of fault valve behaviour from the Wattle Gully Fault, Victoria, Australia, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 12,841–12,859, 1995.
Cox, S. F., V. J. Wall, M. A. Etheridge, and T. F. Potter, Deformational and metamorphic processes in the formation of mesothermal vein-hosted gold deposits—examples from the Lachlan Fold Belt in central Victoria, Australia, Ore Geol. Rev., 6, 391–423, 1991.
Dewers, T. and A. Hajash, Rate laws for water-assisted compaction and stress-induced water-rock interaction in sandstones, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 13,093–13,112, 1995.
Durney, D. W. and J. G. Ramsay, Incremental strains measured by syntectonic crystal growths, in Gravity and Tectonics, edited by K. A. De Jong and R. Scholten, pp. 67–96, John Wiley, New York, 1973.
Gratier, J. P. and R. Giguet, Experimental pressure solution-deposition on quartz grains: The crucial effect of the nature of the fluid, J. Struct. Geol., 8, 845–856, 1986.
Hickman, S., R. Sibson, and R. Bruhn, Introduction to special section: Mechanical involvement of fluids in faulting, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 12,831–12,840, 1995.
Kanagawa, K., S. F. Cox, and S. Zhang, Effects of dissolution-precipitation processes on the strength and mechanical behavior of quartz gouge at high-temperature hydrothermal conditions, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 11,115–11,126, 2000.
McClay, K. R., Pressure solution and Coble creep in rocks and minerals: A review, J. Geol. Soc. London, 134, 57–70, 1977.
Paterson, M. S., Rock deformation experimentation, in The Brittle-Ductile Transition in Rocks, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., 56, edited by A. G. Duba et al., pp. 187–194, AGU, Washington, D.C., 1990.
Pharr, G. M. and M. F. Ashby, On creep enhanced by a liquid phase, Acta Metall., 31, 129–138, 1983.
Raj, R., Creep in polycrystalline aggregates by matter transport through a liquid phase, J. Geophys. Res., 87, 4731–4739, 1982.
Rutter, E. H., The kinetics of rock deformation by pressure solution, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. A, 283, 203–219, 1976.
Rutter, E. H., Pressure solution in nature, theory and experiment, J. Geol. Soc. London, 140, 725–740, 1983.
Scholz, C. H., The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting, 439 pp., Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 1983.
Sibson, R. H., Continental fault structure and the shallow earthquake source, J. Geol. Soc. London, 140, 741–767, 1983.
Spiers, C. J. and P. M. T. M. Schutjens, Densification of crystalline aggregates by fluid-phase diffusional creep, in Deformation Processes in Minerals, Ceramics and Rocks, edited by D. J. Barber and P. G. Meredith, pp. 334–353, Unwin Hyman, London, 1990.
Spiers, C. J., P. M. T. M. Schutjens, R. H. Brezesowsky, C. J. Peach, J. L. Liezenberg, and H. J. Zwart, Experimental determination of constitutive parameters governing creep of rocksalt by pressure solution, in Deformation Mechanisms, Rheology and Tectonics, edited by R. J. Knipe and E. H. Rutter, Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 54, 215–227, 1990.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kanagawa, K. Frictional behavior of synthetic gouge-bearing faults under the operation of pressure solution. Earth Planet Sp 54, 1147–1152 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03353316
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03353316