Fig. 10From: Data assimilation experiment of precipitable water vapor observed by a hyper-dense GNSS receiver network using a nested NHM-LETKF systemRMSE of PWV analyzed by the inner LETKF. RMS values are averaged during 0200–0600 LT on August 14, 2012. Experiments indicated by the plus symbols are assimilated PWVSPD-H with the SLOC localization setting. Experiments indicated by the cross symbols are assimilated PWVCON with the CNTL localization setting. The GNSS-PWVSPD-H data used to evaluate RMSEs were observed at the 10 stations shown in Fig. 1b, which are the same data assimilated in the SLOC experiment with the mean inter-station distance of 1.7 kmBack to article page