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Earth, Planets and Space
Fig. 1 | Earth, Planets and Space

Fig. 1

From: Performance evaluation of the particle swarm optimization algorithm to unambiguously estimate plasma parameters from incoherent scatter radar signals

Fig. 1

Flowchart of the standard PSO algorithm implemented. \(n\): swarm population size; \(P\): number of plasma parameters; \({\text{max\_iterations}}\): maximum number of generations; \(t\): generations counter (from 1 to \({\text{max\_iterations}}\)); \(i\): particle’s id counter (from 1 to \(n\)); \(j\): parameter’s dimension from 1 to \(P\); \({v}_{ij}(t)\) and \({x}_{ij}(t)\): \(i\)th particle’s \(j\)th dimension’s \(t\)th generation’s velocity and position value, respectively; count_const: counter of stagnation cases (i.e., identical fit values of \(g{\text{best}}\); from 1 to \({\text{max\_count\_const}}\)); \({\text{count\_const\_init}}\): minimum generation to start counting for stagnation cases

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