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Earth, Planets and Space
Fig. 10 | Earth, Planets and Space

Fig. 10

From: Performance evaluation of the particle swarm optimization algorithm to unambiguously estimate plasma parameters from incoherent scatter radar signals

Fig. 10

(Continuous colored lines) probability of convergence (\({P}_{\text{fit\;valid}}\)) and probability of unambiguous estimation (\({P}_{\text{correct}}\)) (in percentage) obtained by simulations considering uncertainty on the a priori parameters known from the plasma line: (left) given \({N}_{e}\), (middle) given \({N}_{e}\) and \({T}_{e}/{T}_{i}\), and (right) given \({N}_{e}\) and \({T}_{e}\) parameters and at different signal fluctuation percentages (\(\delta (\%)\)). Simulations were done using the PSO algorithm with the parameter configuration “Param. 2”. Probabilities obtained without uncertainty (shown in Fig. 6) are shown with dashed black lines. Results from simulations using the MCLM method (dotted gray lines) are shown for comparison

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