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Earth, Planets and Space
Fig. 1 | Earth, Planets and Space

Fig. 1

From: Modeling long-term volcanic deformation at Kusatsu-Shirane and Asama volcanoes, Japan, using the GNSS coordinate time series

Fig. 1

Location of the studied area and distribution of GNSS observation sites. Inset shows the study area. The arrow shows the approximate motion of the Pacific Plate with respect to the North American Plate calculated using the NNR-Morvel 56 model (Argus et al. 2011). Active volcanoes are shown as triangles. Circles represent GNSS sites used in the study. Gray circles are those more than \(20\, \text {km}\) away from Kusatsu-Shirane and Asama volcanoes that are used to estimate parameters representing tectonic deformation

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