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Earth, Planets and Space
Fig. 2 | Earth, Planets and Space

Fig. 2

From: Development of miniaturized pick-up amplification circuit for plasma particle detectors on board satellites

Fig. 2

Amplifiers used in the LEPi onboard the Arase satellite. a One channel of amplifiers combined on a single board (\(6.0\,\mathrm{ cm}\times 5.7\,\mathrm{ cm}\)). b Overview of amplifiers with 15 boards arranged azimuthally (\({230\,\mathrm{ cm}}^{2}\) (total area of the bottom) \(\times 7\,\mathrm{ cm}\) (height)). c Circuit block diagram of the amplifier. The LEPi has 15 channels that discriminate the incoming directions of particles. Each channel contains MCP anodes for START and STOP signals, respectively. The anodes receive the electron clouds emitted from the MCP. Each amplifier, which consists of a preamplifier and a constant-fraction discriminator (CFD), is connected to an anode. Two amplifiers are installed on a single board, for a total of 30 amplifiers in the LEPi. The output signal of the amplifier is fed into the TDC in the subsequent stage (Asamura et al. 2018)

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