Table 1 Wave characteristics of Lamb wave, tsunami and 9 TIDs, observed over South America on 15 January 2022
From: Ionospheric disturbances over South America related to Tonga volcanic eruption
Wave ID | (Lat, Lon) (deg) | Start at (UT) | λH(km) | τ (min) | CH (m/s) | θ (deg) | Amplitude |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lamb wave | SCFT (43.2S, 71.9W) | 12:30 | -- | Solitary | 304.5 ± 06 | 46.7 | ± 1.0 hPa |
Tsunami | BHM (40.6S, 73.7W) | 17:15 | -- | 32, 26, 12 | -- | -- | ± 30 cm |
TID-1 | 30–40S (Chile) | 11:30 | 1174 ± 117 | 36 ± 1 | 544 ± 56 | 139 ± 5 | ± 0.3 TECu |
TID-2 | 30–40S (Chile) | 11:45 | 946 ± 95 | 36 ± 2 | 438 ± 50 | 37 ± 4 | 1.5/− 0.3 TECu |
TID-3 | 40–45S (Chile) | 12:30 | 479 ± 88 | 20 ± 5 | 399 ± 124 | 32 ± 5 | ± 0.6 TECu |
TID-4 | 35–40S (chile) | 13:15 | 348 ± 6 | 19.7 ± 2 | 294 ± 26 | 40 ± 3 | ± 0.6 TECu |
TID-5 | 30–40S (Chile) | 16:05 | 875 ± 41 | 31 ± 01 | 470 ± 27 | 30 ± 2 | ± 2.5 TECu |
TID-6 | 40–45S (Chile) | 17:30 | 505 ± 70 | 24 ± 5 | 350 ± 88 | 24 ± 4 | ± 0.3 TECu |
TID-7 | 35–40S (Chile) | 18:35 | 330 ± 9 | 20 ± 0.8 | 275 ± 13 | 29 ± 2 | ± 0.3 TECu |
TID-8 | 20–30S (Brazil) | 15:31 | 366 ± 40 | 20 ± 2 | 305 ± 45 | 41 ± 5 | ± 0.6 TECu |
TID-9 | 20–30S (Brazil) | 19:00 | 667 ± 60 | 28 ± 3 | 397 ± 56 | 18 ± 6 | +1.2/− 0.7 TECu |