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Table 2 Analytical data available on the web. There are six types of measurements derived from the Initial Description (Yada et al. 2022): (1) microbalance; (2) microscopic imaging; (3) FT-IR (Hatakeda et al. 2023); (4) MicrOmega (Pilorget et al. 2022); (5) multi-band spectroscopy (Cho et al. 2022); and (6) stereo-imaging system (Cho et al. 2022)

From: Ryugu Sample Database System (RS-DBS) on the Data Archives and Transmission System (DARTS) by the JAXA curation

Measurement

Item

Definition

Optical microscope

Date and time

The date and time when the measurement was performed

Sample length long (mm)

The maximum Feret diameter, known as the maximum caliper length, of an individual particle (mm) measured by ImageJ (Schneider et al. 2012) on a microscope image captured in the clean chamber. This information is given only for individual particles, not for aggregates

Sample length short (mm)

The minimum Feret diameter, known as the minimum caliper length, of an individual particle (mm) measured by ImageJ (Schneider et al. 2012) on a microscope image taken in the clean chamber. This information is given only for individual particles, not for aggregates

Sample length height (mm)

The sample length (mm) measured by focusing on the top and bottom of the particle using the optical microscope. This information is given only for individual particles, not for aggregates

Image

A microscopic image of the sample captured by the microscope system

Scaled image

A microscopic image of the sample with two lines representing a long and a short length of the sample, respectively

Comment

A remark for the measurement or data

Weight

Date and time

The date and time when the measurement was performed

Total weight (mg)

The sample weight (mg), including the sample dish weight, measured by the electric balance in the clean chamber. This is an average of five weight measurements

Sample dish weight (mg)

The sample dish weight (mg) measured by the electric balance in the clean chamber. This is an average of five measurements

Sample weight (mg)

The sample weight (mg), excluding the sample dish weight, measured by the electric balance in the clean chamber. This is an average of five weight measurements

Sample weight error (mg)

The standard deviation as a measurement error of the sample weight (mg) calculated

Dish

The ID of the sample dish

Comment

A remark for the measurement or data

FT-IR

Date and time

The date and time when the measurement was performed

Spectrum image

A spectrum chart of the sample measured by the FT-IR system. The chart shows the relative reflectance intensity per wavelength (mm)

ROI image

Images file of the sample taken by the FT-IR system. This optical image shows the measured region of interest by the laser guide from the FT-IR system

ROI light image

Images file of the sample taken by the FT-IR system. This optical image shows the measured region of interest by the laser guide and the supplemental light from the FT-IR system

CSV file

A CSV file of the spectrum image, including the information on measurement conditions

Comment

A remark for the measurement or data

MicrOmega

Date and time

The date and time when the measurement was performed

Position

The number of the measurement position. When the target sample is larger than the field of view of MicrOmega, this position number is used to identify the measurement area during measurement

Angle (°)

The sample’s horizontal rotation angle (degree) on the sample stage. This value is relative and used to identify the measurement position easier during measurement

Monochromatic image

Images file of the sample captured by MicrOmega. This is a reflectance intensity map of a single wavelength (2.50 µm )

ROI image

Where available, image file of the sample captured by MicrOmega. The image shows the region of interest in color

ROI spectrum image

Where available, a chart of the average reflectance spectrum of the region of interest displayed in the ROI image measured by MicrOmega,

ROI spectrum CSV

Where available, a CSV file of the average reflectance spectrum of the region of interest displayed in the ROI image measured by MicrOmega

Comment

A remark for the measurement or data

Multi-band spectroscopy

Date and time

The date and time when the measurement was performed

Measurement condition CSV

A CSV file describing the information of measurement conditions

IF map image

Reflectance (radiance factor or I/F) map at 550 nm (v-band) measured with an incidence angle of 30°, emission angle of 0°, and phase angle of 30°. The photometric effect due to the roughness of the sample surface is not corrected. The solid line outlines the particle rim and the dashed line represents the region used to calculate the particle-averaged spectrum

Color ratio image

Color map showing the v-to-b band ratio (R550/R480 nm). The solid line marks the particle rim and the dashed line shows the region used to calculate the particle-averaged spectrum

Average spectrum image

Particle-averaged spectrum taken by the multi-band spectroscopy system in absolute reflectance (Left) and reflectance normalized at 550 nm (Right). The spectrum of each particle (solid black line) is compared with the brightest (orange dashed line), darkest (green dashed line), most red-colored (red dashed line), and most blue-colored (blue dashed line) particles. Error bars show the measurement uncertainty reported by Cho et al. (2022). The photometric effect due to the roughness of the sample surface is not corrected

Comment

A remark for the measurement or data

Stereo imaging

Date and Time

The date and time when the measurement was performed

Elevation map image

Microscopic image (Left) and elevation map (Right) of the particle. The elevation map was calculated from a 3D digital elevation model using a structure from motion technique, and the sample was imaged from multiple angles

Comment

A remark for the measurement or data