Fig. 3From: \(\textrm{O}^+\) density distribution in the nightside ionosphere reconstructed from ISS-IMAP/EUVI dataProfile along the red horizontal line in Figure 2 of the average (upper), standard deviation (middle), and square root of the difference between the variance and average (lower) for the data from 10 December 2012 to 1 January 2013 shown in Figure 1. The red line in the lower panel indicates the curve in Eq. (2) after adjusting the vertical scaleBack to article page