Fig. 4From: Performance of the double-thin-shell approach for studying nighttime medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances using two dense GNSS observation networks in JapanSame as Fig. 2c–h but with different longitudinal and latitudinal resolution: \({0.1}^{\circ }\) and \({0.3}^{\circ }\) for E and F regions (a–f), and \({0.05}^{\circ }\) and \({0.15}^{\circ }\) for E and F regions (g–l). The red dashed line boxes in the rightmost subplots indicate the region with most data pointsBack to article page