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Earth, Planets and Space
Figure 1 | Earth, Planets and Space

Figure 1

From: Concentration of electrostatic solitary waves around magnetic nulls within magnetic reconnection diffusion region: single-event-based statistics

Figure 1

Overview of 3D magnetic reconnection on 10 September 2001. All data are shown within the time interval of 07:55 to 07:59 UT. In each panel, black, red, green, and blue lines represent C1, C2, C3, and C4 observations, respectively. (a) X-components of the plasma (proton) velocity observed by Cluster ion spectrometry (CIS). (b) X-component of magnetic field with data resolution of 22.4 Hz. (c, d) Poincaré index and the corresponding ∇⋅B values. The three ellipses denote the three groups of magnetic nulls or null-pairs. The flow reversal occurs at approximately 07:56:24 to 07:57:36 UT, and this interval is marked by two vertical dashed lines. The black bar between panels (c) and (d) denotes the time interval in Figure 2.

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