Table 1 Statistical parameters in soil CO ₂ flux data and estimated diffuse CO ₂ emission rates

Volcanism

Survey date

Number of sampling sites

Range soil CO₂ efflux (g m⁻² d⁻¹)

Mean background population CO₂ efflux (g m⁻² d⁻¹)

Mean peak population CO₂ efflux (g m⁻² d⁻¹)

Mean intermediate population CO₂ efflux (g m⁻² d⁻¹)

Peak/Background ratio CO₂ efflux

Total soil CO₂ emission (t d⁻¹)

Total soil CO₂ efflux (t km⁻² d⁻¹)

Range soil δ¹³C-CO₂ (‰ vs. VPDB)

Range soil CO₂ conc. (ppmV)

Range temperature soil (°C)