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Earth, Planets and Space
Fig. 3 | Earth, Planets and Space

Fig. 3

From: Penetration of a radio frequency electromagnetic field into a magnetized plasma: one-dimensional PIC simulation studies

Fig. 3

Numerical results obtained from the ES model in the high-frequency case (run 1). a Electrostatic field (E x ) as a function of time; spatial profiles of b E x ; c the electrostatic potential, ϕ, obtained from the spatial integration of E x ; and d charge density, σ. The red solid line in a and the colored solid lines in b to d are obtained by the simulation. The black dashed line in a is the vacuum solution. The colored dashed lines in b to d are the solutions based on the theory of Matsuoka et al. (2012). The gray shaded region in b and c indicate the sheath region from the theory

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