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Table 4 Mechanical properties of JMSS-1, MMS, JSC Mars-1, and Martian regolith at different Mars landing sites

From: JMSS-1: a new Martian soil simulant

 

Soil type

Bulk density

Cohesion

Internal friction angle

(kg/cm3)

(kPa)

(°)

JMSS-1

Soil simulant

1450

0.33

40.6

MMS sanda

Soil simulant

1341–1384

0.81–1.96

38–39

MMS dusta

Dust analog

911–1078

0.38–0.53

30–31

JSC Mars-1b

Soil simulant

835

1.91

47

Spirit Roverc

Drift material

1200–1500

1–15

~20

Opportunity Roverd

Surface soil

~1300

1–5

~20

Pathfindere

Drift material

1285–1518

0–0.42

34.3

Pathfindere

Crusty material

1422–1636

0.17 ± 0.18

37.0 ± 2.6

Viking Lander 1f

Drift material

1150 ± 150

1.6 ± 1.2

18.0 ± 2.4

Viking Lander 1f

Blocky material

1600 ± 400

5.1 ± 2.7

30.8 ± 2.4

Viking Lander 2f

Crusty material

1400 ± 200

1.1 ± 0.8

34.5 ± 4.7

  1. aPeters et al. (2008)
  2. bAllen et al. (1998)
  3. cArvidson et al. (2004a)
  4. dArvidson et al. (2004b)
  5. eMoore et al. (1999)
  6. fMoore and Jakosky (1989)