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Table 1 Estimated parameters of explosion earthquakes at active volcanoes

From: Magnitude–frequency distribution of volcanic explosion earthquakes

Volcano (observation period)

Corr. coeff.

D max

N b

\(D_{\hbox{max} } \sqrt {N_{\text{b}} }\)

Δ (km)

Freq. (Hz)

D R (cm3)

a 0

Unit

A 0 (mm)

M

D-log

s-log

D-log

s-log

 

D-log

s-log

Sakurajima Minami-dake (1963–1999)

0.892

0.996

0.310

0.171

30

1.698

0.938

2.7

1.0

12,324

0.0750

mm

0.0750

1.8

Sakurajima Showa crater (2008–2011)

0.948

0.989

0.170

0.055

21

0.777

0.253

3.0

1.0

4919

0.0284

mm

0.0284

1.4

Suwanosejima (January–June, 2011)

0.998

0.891

0.040

0.206

27

0.207

1.070

0.5

2.0

1433

0.1800

mm/s

0.0143

−0.2

Tokachi-dake (December 16, 1988–March 5, 1989)

0.907

0.987

0.202

0.102

10

0.638

0.321

4.5

1.0

5049

0.0238

mm

0.0238

1.7

Semeru Vulcanian (March 18–April 10, 2007)

0.967

0.995

0.044

0.043

52

0.318

0.312

0.5

1.0

13,286

1.1800

mm/s

0.1879

0.9

Semeru Gas bursts (March 17–April 10, 2011)

0.955

0.997

0.054

0.043

36

0.323

0.257

0.5

1.0

7927

0.7040

mm/s

0.1121

0.7

Lokon (September 2012–September 2013)

0.934

0.973

0.223

0.128

18

0.948

0.541

1.4

1.0

7744

0.4110

mm/s

0.0654

1.2

Stromboli 1–8 Hz (June 2014)

0.940

0.989

0.073

0.058

39

0.454

0.360

0.4

4.0

49

0.0097

mm/s

0.0004

−1.9

Stromboli 0.05–0.2 Hz (June 2014)

0.965

0.996

0.078

0.024

33

0.446

0.135

0.4

0.2700

m/s

  1. D- and s-log represent double-logarithmic and semilogarithmic graphs, respectively. N b is the number of amplitude bins, and D max is the maximum difference between the observed cumulative probability distribution and the model function. Δ is the distance from active crater to station. D R is the reduced displacement, a 0 is the characteristic amplitude, A 0 is the maximum amplitude in displacement, M is the magnitude of explosion earthquake