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Table 1 Characteristic precursory phenomena

From: Seismicity prior to the 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes

Method

Spatial extent

Duration

b-value method

Area of 0.3° × 0.3° containing a part of the source zone of the Kumamoto mainshock

Unknown

RTM-algorithm

Area of 2° × 3° between the Kumamoto and Off Satsuma Peninsula mainshocks

1.5 years for the Kumamoto mainshock (1 year for the Off Satsuma Peninsula mainshock)

Z-value method

Area with R = 100 km between the Kumamoto and Off Satsuma Peninsula mainshocks

1.5 years for the Kumamoto mainshock (1 year for the Off Satsuma Peninsula mainshock)

Seismicity density analysis

Area with Δr = 8–40 km containing a part of the source zone of the Kumamoto mainshock

3 years or longer for the Kumamoto mainshock