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Earth, Planets and Space
Fig. 3 | Earth, Planets and Space

Fig. 3

From: Electron hybrid code simulation of whistler-mode chorus generation with real parameters in the Earth’s inner magnetosphere

Fig. 3

a The frequency profiles of the maximum wave magnetic field amplitude of each element observed at the magnetic equator, h = 0. The estimated threshold and optimum amplitude are also shown, where τ is the ratio of the nonlinear transition time T N to the nonlinear trapping period T tr (cf. Omura and Nunn 2011). b The wave magnetic field spectra of southward propagating waves observed at h = 0. Solid lines superposed on the spectra indicate estimated frequency sweep rates based on the nonlinear wave growth theory

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