Fig. 12
From: Distribution of water-group ion cyclotron waves in Saturn’s magnetosphere
a The dependence of ICW growth rate on latitude along the L = 4.5 field line for different wave number k| and parallel ion temperature T| values with these fixed parameters: the equatorial density n eq = 50 cm−3, the plasma rotation frequency Ω = 1.64 × 10−4/s, \(v_{ \bot 0} = 26.4\, {\text{km/s}}\) and the density ratio R n = n thermal/n ring = 3/2. b The corresponding ion density versus the magnetic latitude along the L = 4.5 field line