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Table 3 Search range and step, optimal value, and the minimum f value for each parameter

From: Ground deformation source model at Kuchinoerabu-jima volcano during 2006–2014 as revealed by campaign GPS observation

Parameter

Search range

Step

Optimal value for each model

FEM

Mogi

Dislocation

E–W location

− 500 to 500 m

50 m

0 ± 50 m

− 50 ± 50 m

− 50 ± 50 m

N–S location

− 500 to 500 m

50 m

0 ± 50 m

0 ± 50 m

0 ± 0 m

Depth

500 m asl–500 m bsl

50 m

400 ± 0 m asl

450 ± 50 m asl

500 ± 0 m asl

Equatorial radius

50–200 m

50 m

50 ± 0 m

Polar radius

50–200 m

50 m

50 ± 0 m

Internal pressure change

+ 1 to + 500 MPa

1 MPa

+ 361 ± 133 MPa

Dip

0°–90°

74 ± 15°

Strike

0°–359°

165 ± 12°

Length

50–500 m

50 m

150 ± 50 m

Width

50–500 m

50 m

150 + 250/− 50 m

Opening

0.01–5.00 m

0.01 m

1.86 ± 0.72 m

Volume change

+ 100 to + 50,000 m3

100 m3

(+ 31,700 m3)

+ 25,400 ± 8800 m3

(+ 41,850 m3)

The minimum f value

87.2

99.5

78.0

  1. The origin of the horizontal coordinate is set at Shin-dake crater (130.21539°E, 30.44593°N). The position of the dislocation model is at the center of the top edge of the fault. The dip is clockwise from the horizontal and the strike is clockwise from the north. The uncertainties are the 95% confidence intervals estimated from the F test (Árnadóttir and Segall 1994)