Fig. 9From: Theory, modeling, and integrated studies in the Arase (ERG) projectSchematic diagram of roles of self-consistent simulations in studies of wave–particle interactions occurring in the equatorial region of the inner magnetosphere. Results of self-consistent simulations include both spatial and temporal evolutions of plasma wave spectra, velocity distribution functions of energetic particles, and their interactions. Self-consistent simulations contribute to the understanding of physical meanings of in situ but spatially sparse satellite observationsBack to article page