Fig. 4

Volumetric strain changes resulting from the crack opening. a Map view of the volumetric strain change at an elevation of 1000 m around the Owakudani region. A star and the red circles show the first and subsequent VT events, respectively, during the 10 min after the onset of the rapid tilt change, as estimated by Yukutake et al. (2017). b Depth distribution of the VT events along a N–S section