Fig. 5From: El Niño–Southern Oscillation effect on quasi-biennial oscillations of temperature diurnal tides in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere(Left) Time series of the period of the QBOs in a the GAIA zonal mean zonal wind, c DW1, and e DE3 within the cone of influence zone (from July 1999 to June 2013). The periods are obtained from the wavelet spectra of the zonal wind and tidal amplitude (in the Additional file 1: Figs. S1–3). (Right) Correlation between the periods of the QBO-scale component in ONI and the QBOs from GAIA b zonal mean zonal wind, d DW1, and f DE3 with 99% confidence limitBack to article page