Fig. 9
From: Distribution and depth of bottom-simulating reflectors in the Nankai subduction margin
BSR and BGHS in the convex-upward and convex-downward seafloor regions southwest of the Kii Peninsula. a Bathymetry with the depths of the observed BSR and the calculated topographically corrected BGHS (2-D) and uncorrected BGHS (1-D). b Plot of \(q/q_{0}\) ratio, where \(q_{0}\) is the heat flow originating from the deep-seated heat flux, and \(q\) is the heat flow estimated at the seafloor from the deep-seated heat flux. A ratio less than 1 indicates that the shallow subseafloor is subject to defocusing induced by the topography, and a ratio larger than 1 indicates that the shallow subseafloor is subject to focusing induced by the topography. c Error evaluation of the thermal modeling by comparison with the temperature of the BSR (TBSR) using maximum (red line), average (black line), and minimum (blue line) heat flow values. Temperature variations in the BSR fall within ± 3 °C. d Difference in depths between the observed BSR and calculated BGHS values with and without considering the topographic effect. The difference between the BSR and the two-dimensional BGHS values considering the topographic effect is smaller than that between the BSR and the one-dimensional BGHS without considering the effect