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Earth, Planets and Space
Fig. 6 | Earth, Planets and Space

Fig. 6

From: Inflation and collapse of the Wai’anae volcano (Oahu, Hawaii, USA): implications from rock magnetic properties and magnetic fabric data of dikes

Fig. 6

Determination of the flow direction in dikes using magnetic imbrication angles. Assuming a Newtonian laminar flow without along-plane displacement of the borders (mode I dike of Knight and Walker 1988), near a dike margin, the flow induces a strain regime characterized by simple shear. So, even with low particle concentrations the phenocrysts would interact and align their long axis predominantly along with the flow direction, in a plane parallel or making a small imbrication angle with the dike margin. Magnetic particles that form and develop between the phenocrysts will replicate the orientations and alignments of the phenocrysts. Considering a normal magnetic fabric, the magnetic foliation planes near the borders will be coincident with the particle’s imbrication planes. Therefore, the flow sense can be specified for cases with clearly visible imbrication on both dike borders

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