Fig. 10

Effect of insulating mantle. Differences between the 2-D solution and a solution with perfectly insulating bottom boundary condition. Both solutions were calculated at the Earth’s surface with the elmgFD code at \(j_{\mathrm{max}}=480\)
Effect of insulating mantle. Differences between the 2-D solution and a solution with perfectly insulating bottom boundary condition. Both solutions were calculated at the Earth’s surface with the elmgFD code at \(j_{\mathrm{max}}=480\)