Fig. 1From: Tippers at island geomagnetic observatories constrain electrical conductivity of oceanic lithosphere and upper mantleShort title: Model parameterization Detailed legend: a Sketch of the adopted model parameterization. The \(\sigma _1,\ldots ,\sigma _M\) conductivity values denote the unknowns, which are estimated using data from the observatory. Note that the bottom layer extends to infinity. b Example of a locally refined mesh for the Tristan da Cunha island with topography-conforming meshBack to article page