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Fig. 9 | Earth, Planets and Space

Fig. 9

From: Gas flow dynamics in the conduit of Strombolian explosions inferred from seismo-acoustic observations at Aso volcano, Japan

Fig. 9

Schematic models of a Strombolian explosion, a slug flow model and a new flow model. a A conceptual model based on the CF model of a Strombolian explosion that is widely accepted: bubbles accumulate at the roof of a magma chamber. They collapse into a slug and migrate upward in the conduit. An explosion occurs when the slug reaches the magma free surface. b New revised model of a Strombolian explosion we propose in this study: The accumulation of bubbles is the same; however, a relatively significant amount of the gas must be considered. The rapid injection of a large volume of gas produces a large upward gas flux, resulting in complicated dynamics, such as annular flow, in the conduit. The presence of a significant amount of gas can also form a temporary gas pathway connected to the surface. Magma films surrounding the pathway are so unstable during the rapid ascent of the gas that parts of them are fragmented and ejected

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