Fig. 5

a Seismic diagram showing the fault systems beneath the Osaka Plain along an ENE–WSW profile, superimposed on the Coulomb stress changes resolved on east-dipping thrust fault (strike = 345°, dip = 30°, rake = 90°) induced by the mainshock rupture. The receiver fault is shown as a blue curve in the inset. The black dashed curves denote the deep fault geometries interpreted by Sato et al. (2009). The blue dashed line shows a simple 40°-dipping extension of the UMF near-surface geometry. The gray circles are the relocated hypocenters along cross sections 01–03 in Fig. 2b. The solid arrows denote the reported vertical slip rates of the active faults in mm/year. b Calculated Coulomb stress changes at 12 km depth resolved on west-dipping thrust fault (strike = 165°, dip = 45°, rake = 90°) induced by the mainshock rupture. The receiver fault is shown as a blue curve in the inset. DTZ indicates the zone with delayed triggered aftershocks. The white star denotes the mainshock epicenter, and the white rectangles are the two source fault models inferred from the present study