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Table 3 Symbols and descriptions of thermodynamic parameters used in this study

From: Quantitative relationship between plume emission and multiple deflations after the 2014 phreatic eruption at Ontake volcano, Japan

Symbol

Definition

Values

References

\(\Delta V\)

Deflated volume

7.0 × 105 m3

Narita and Murakami (2018)

\(\rho\)

Water bulk density

\(\rho = S\rho_{\text{l}} + \left( {1 - S} \right)\rho_{\text{v}}\)

–

\(S\)

Volumetric liquid fraction

0–1

–

\(\rho_{\text{l}}\)

Liquid water density

688–777 kg/m3

a

\(\rho_{\text{v}}\)

Vapor density

25–55 kg/m3

a

\(\beta_{\text{f}}\)

Water compressibility

Single phase: \(\frac{1}{\rho }\left( {\frac{{{\text{d}}\rho }}{{{\text{d}}P}}} \right)_{\text{h}}\)

b

Two phases: \(\frac{\rho c}{\phi } \left[ {1.92 \times 10^{ - 6} P^{ - 1.66} } \right]\)d

Grant and Sorey (1979)

\(P\)

Pressure

5–10 MPa

–

\(T\)

Temperature

264–311 °C

 

\(\phi\)

Porosity

0.1–0.5

–

\(\left\langle {\rho c} \right\rangle\)

Volumetric heat capacity of the wetted rock

\(\left( {1 - \phi } \right)\rho_{\text{r}} C_{\text{r}} + \phi S\rho_{\text{l}} C_{\text{l}}\)

Grant and Sorey (1979)

\(\rho_{\text{r}}\)

Host rock density

2000 kg/m3

–

\(C_{\text{r}}\)

Isobaric specific heat of host rock

1 kJ/kg/°C

–

\(C_{\text{l}}\)

Isobaric specific heat of liquid water

5.0–6.1 kJ/kg/ °C

a

\(\beta_{\text{c}}\)

Compressibility of the pressure source

1.4 × 10−8–10−9 Pa−1

c

  1. a\(\rho_{\text{l}}\), \(\rho_{\text{v}}\) and \(C_{\text{l}}\) are calculated at boiling temperature (264–311 °C) at 5–10 MPa
  2. bWater bulk compressibility is calculated during decompression from lithostatic to hydrostatic pressure at constant enthalpy. For single-phase state, it is directly calculated using STEAM software (Harvey and Lemmon 2013), which allows for calculating equation of state of pure water
  3. cRefer to Additional file 1: Text S2 for details
  4. dThis approximation is validity for P in the range of 4–120 bars. Unit of P is bar