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Table 2 Means and RMS errors obtained for the geomagnetic observatory data for both DGRF and IGRF parent models. For each observatory, two time-consecutive differences (denoted as dX, dY, dZ) were used to calculate these statistical parameters (see text for details)

From: Bootstrapping Swarm and observatory data to generate candidates for the DGRF and IGRF-13

Geomagnetic element

DGRF candidate model

IGRF candidate model

Mean (nT)

RMS (nT)

Mean (nT)

RMS (nT)

dX (non-polar)

− 0.01

2.91

0.05

3.44

dY (non-polar)

0.01

3.41

0.00

3.08

dZ (non-polar)

0.01

1.90

0.00

1.82

dX (polar)

− 0.04

10.10

− 0.01

12.24

dY (polar)

0.00

7.49

0.03

9.61

dZ (polar)

0.08

12.02

− 0.05

14.92