Fig. 8

Tsunami assimilation using the largest assimilation area for the giant earthquake. a Locations of the hypothetical assimilation points (red dots) and the S-net sensors (black dots). The blue rectangle shows the location of the fault model for the hypothetical giant earthquake (Mw8.8). b The tsunami height fields at 90 s after the initiation of the earthquake for assimilation tsunami as computed by the interpolation of the simulated observation data at the S-net sensors. c Comparison of tsunami waveforms at seven locations (green triangles in a) for two assimilation tsunamis using a large assimilation area (black lines, the same as Fig. 4) and the largest assimilation area (red lines) for the giant earthquake using the control factor α = 2