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Table 5 Root-mean-square vector field differences \(_{i,j}T\) in units nT/year between SV candidate models and also between candidates and the arithmetic mean reference models M, median reference model \(M_{\text{med}}\) and robust Huber-weighted model in the rightmost columns

From: Evaluation of candidate models for the 13th generation International Geomagnetic Reference Field

\(_{i,j}T\)/nT/year

B

CM

CU

D

G

IP

IS

IZ

K

L

M

N

P

S

M

\(M_{\text{med}}\)

robust

B

0.0

12.0

18.1

8.3

7.6

10.4

10.7

19.5

20.7

8.5

11.6

28.2

12.6

24.4

8.89

9.04

8.74

CM

12.0

0.0

12.1

6.8

13.3

9.4

10.7

11.4

22.0

9.2

8.8

29.1

6.8

21.0

6.23

6.27

6.00

CU

18.1

12.1

0.0

11.3

19.2

12.6

14.6

10.6

26.6

13.7

12.5

32.7

9.8

23.9

11.81

10.92

11.24

D

8.3

6.8

11.3

0.0

10.1

6.8

8.3

12.2

21.3

6.7

6.8

28.8

5.9

21.9

3.88

2.42

2.87

G

7.6

13.3

19.2

10.1

0.0

12.0

12.9

20.7

21.0

11.1

13.4

29.6

14.7

24.6

10.68

10.83

10.49

IP

10.4

9.4

12.6

6.8

12.0

0.0

10.9

13.6

22.4

8.6

9.3

31.5

8.8

23.0

7.67

6.87

6.85

IS

10.7

10.7

14.6

8.3

12.9

10.9

0.0

15.6

19.3

10.2

8.6

28.8

9.7

25.0

7.78

7.51

7.58

IZ

19.5

11.4

10.6

12.2

20.7

13.6

15.6

0.0

26.3

15.1

12.0

32.6

9.3

24.4

12.39

11.61

11.96

K

20.7

22.0

26.6

21.3

21.0

22.4

19.3

26.3

0.0

21.8

19.7

32.7

21.7

29.2

18.99

20.47

19.67

L

8.5

9.2

13.7

6.7

11.1

8.6

10.2

15.1

21.8

0.0

9.1

28.9

9.1

23.3

6.81

6.68

6.27

M

11.6

8.8

12.5

6.8

13.4

9.3

8.6

12.0

19.7

9.1

0.0

28.0

6.0

24.6

6.01

5.32

5.65

N

28.2

29.1

32.7

28.8

29.6

31.5

28.8

32.6

32.7

28.9

28.0

0.0

28.5

38.0

26.67

27.92

27.72

P

12.6

6.8

9.8

5.9

14.7

8.8

9.7

9.3

21.7

9.1

6.0

28.5

0.0

23.6

5.87

4.59

5.35

S

24.4

21.0

23.9

21.9

24.6

23.0

25.0

24.4

29.2

23.3

24.6

38.0

23.6

0.0

20.96

22.40

21.43

Mean Diff

14.8

13.3

16.7

11.9

16.2

13.8

14.2

17.2

23.4

12.5

13.1

30.6

12.8

25.1

11.05

10.92

10.84

  1. The bottom row is the simple arithmetic mean of the columns