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Fig. 2 | Earth, Planets and Space

Fig. 2

From: Ionospheric irregularities and scintillations: a direct comparison of in situ density observations with ground-based L-band receivers

Fig. 2

Panel (i): the \(N_e\) perturbations for Swarm A and C and S4 at Mbarara on 2015-03-09. The red solid vertical line represents the magnetic equator, the red dashed vertical lines represent the EIA belts at approximately \(\pm 15^{\circ }\) magnetic latitudes, the gray dashed vertical lines represent the Mbarara latitude and longitude. The \(N_e\) measurements are shown as colored lines with the y-axis to the right, while the S4 index values from GPS satellites in view are presented as colored dots identified by their PRN with the y-axis to the left. The S4 for all the GPS IPPs in view are shown with black dots in panel (i)(a) and (b). Panel (ii): tracks of PRN 2, 13, 15, 24, and 29 including Swarm A and C tracks on 2015-03-09. The location of Mbarara GPS-SCINDA is indicated with a red triangle. The portions of the Swarm A and C tracks marked in black correspond to regions where ionospheric irregularities were encountered. Points along the GPS satellite tracks corresponding to the average local time when the Swarm satellites were in view are presented with black dots. The blue circle is a projection of the 30° elevation centered at MBAR indicating regions in which scintillations were observed

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