Fig. 11

Conceptual rheological model of the Nankai subduction zone. a The down-going Philippine Sea Plate intersects different domains of the overriding plate, which controls the subduction dynamics including seismic cycles and the asthenosphere flow. b The full spectrum of simulated slip modes including full and partial ruptures, slow earthquakes and slow-slip events are distributed within down-dip segments along the megathrust fault. The interaction between neighboring segments leads to additional complexity, including triggered slow slip and slow earthquakes, and aperiodic recurrence patterns of earthquakes and slow-slip events