Fig. 9From: Nonlinear wave growth theory of whistler-mode chorus and hiss emissions in the magnetosphereTriggering of rising and falling tone emissions. Velocity distribution function unstable to a coherent triggering wave. a Variation of resonance velocities of rising-tone and falling tone emissions. b Electron hole and hill in the velocity phase space giving growth to rising-tone and falling-tone emissions (after Omura et al. (2015a))Back to article page