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Earth, Planets and Space
Fig. 12 | Earth, Planets and Space

Fig. 12

From: Dip angles of active faults from the surface to the seismogenic zone inferred from a 2D numerical analysis of visco-elasto-plastic models: a case study for the Osaka Plain

Fig. 12

Results of the numerical simulations for previously proposed fault geometries. a The initial geometry (upper), final geometry (middle), and close-up of the final geometry (lower) for the fault geometry of Ishiyama (2003) with a weakened friction coefficient μw of ~ 0.3 (weakened friction angle φw = 17°). b The initial geometry (upper), final geometry (middle), and close-up of the final geometry (lower) for the fault geometry of Sato et al. (2009) with μw =  ~ 0.4 (φw = 22°). The preexisting faults and newly formed faults (markers with a cumulative strain larger than 1) are illustrated in dark blue. UmF and IkF represent the surface positions of the Uemachi and Ikoma faults, respectively

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