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Fig. 1 | Earth, Planets and Space

Fig. 1

From: Laboratory investigation of coupled electrical interaction of fracturing rock with gases

Fig. 1

a Schematic view of the experimental setup: universal tester for the measurement of electrified gas current interacting with fractured rock at temperatures of ~ 25 °C and ~ 160 °C, with the three methods of gas supply shown on the right side; b flat-ended indenter gas outlet (slit) covered with PTFE seal, as seen from below; c bottom view of Pt-coated mesh electrode attached to the underside of the rock; d setup in fourth series of experiments with an electrode (stainless-steel rod with or without resin coating) buried in acrylic container filled with granite grains and soil; e close-up of container in d; f three-dimensional model of flat-ended indenter on a rock; g meshing for model shown in f, with contact configuration, mesh refinement near stress concentration, line A–B, and parameters; h colour coding of equivalent strain; and ik and ln two-dimensional strain distribution along a line A–B at loads of 600, 800, and 1200 kg without and with a small flaw on the rock surface, respectively

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