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Fig. 3 | Earth, Planets and Space

Fig. 3

From: Frictional stability of porous tuff breccia under subsurface pressure conditions and implications for shallow seismicity

Fig. 3

The bi-axial double-direct shear-loading apparatus (BASH). a Schematic diagram showing the bi-axial compression apparatus built at CRIEPI, including a sample assembly in a double-direct shear configuration for a 50-cm-long rock specimen. b Single-direct shear sample assembly for long rock specimens. c Double-direct shear sample assembly for short rock specimens used in this study. SLC, shear load cell; SDT, shear displacement transducer; NLC, normal load cell; NDT, normal displacement transducer; AC, accumulator; EMC, electromagnetic clutch

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