Fig. 5

a \(C'\) as a function of \(V_{2}/V_{1}\) for \(\rho _\text {2}/\rho _\text {1}=0.8\) with varying \(\kappa '\). Color map and labeled contours for \(\kappa '\) are shown. b \(\Omega '\) as a function of \(\eta _\text {2s}/\eta _\text {12}\) for \(r_\text {2s} = 1\), \(L' = 1\), and \(\rho _\text {2s}/\rho _\text {12} = 0.8\) with varying \(r_\text {12}\) and \(b_\text {2s}/b_\text {12}\) under the constraint that the cross-sectional area of the conduit is constant. The ranges of \(C'\) and \(\Omega '\) in which \(-0.1< \Delta p_2' < 0.1\) both at \(\Delta p_1' = -0.5\) and \(-1\) for \(\rho ' L' =10\) (Fig. 3c) are shown by red dashed lines and arrows