Fig. 5From: PSTEP: project for solar–terrestrial environment predictionof Kusano et al. 2020Magnetic field on the solar surface and the flare ribbon. A Shows the full-disk image of magnetic field component along the line of sight observed by the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) satellite on 6 September 2017. White and black indicate the positive and negative components, respectively. Each active region (AR) number is noted. B, C are the zoom-in view of AR 12,673 for the vertical magnetic field on 08:48 UT observed by SDO/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) and the flare ribbon of the X9.3 flare at 08:59:26 UT observed by SDO/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) 1600 Å. White circle represents the location where the κ-scheme predicted a large flare can occur. B, C are reproduced from Fig. 3Back to article page