Table 1 The models developed by PSTEP for solar–terrestrial environment prediction
From: PSTEP: project for solar–terrestrial environment prediction
Model name | Description | URL | References |
|---|---|---|---|
R2D2 | Radiation and reduced speed of sound technique for deep dynamics model of solar convection | Hotta et al. (2019) | |
κ-scheme | A physics-based model to predict imminent large solar flares | Kusano et al. (2020) | |
Deep Flare Net (DeFN) | A solar flare prediction model using deep neural networks | Nishizuka et al. (2018) | |
Solar flare emission model | A model for reproducing X-rays and EUV emissions from solar flares | Â | Nishimoto et al. (2020) Nishimoto et al. (2021) Kawai et al. (2020) |
NonFFF model | A realistic non-force-free field modeling of three-dimensional magnetic field in the solar corona | Â | Miyoshi et al. (2020) |
SUSANOO | A three-dimensional MHD simulation of propagation of solar wind and coronal mass ejections in the inner heliosphere (r < 2AU) on the basis of photospheric magnetic field observations. The modeled time profile of solar wind at the Earth’s position is utilized for a prediction of high-energy electron flux at the geosynchronous orbit | Shiota and Kataoka (2016) Shiota (2020) | |
Solar cycle prediction | A solar cycle prediction model using a surface flux transport model | Â | Iijima et al. (2017) |
Magnetosphere global model | A global magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) model of geo-magnetosphere and ionosphere system | Â | Tanaka (2015) |
WASAVIES | A physics-based model for SEP dose estimation anywhere in the atmosphere and designated as a warning system for aviation exposure to solar energetic particles | Sato et al. (2018a) Kataoka et al. (2018) | |
SECURES | Space Environment Customized Risk Estimation for Satellites | Â | Nagatsuma et al. (2021) |
MUSCAT | Multi-Utility Spacecraft Charging Analysis Tool | Â | Hosoda et al. (2008) Muranaka et al. (2008 |
GAIA | A whole atmosphere GCM which solves physical and chemical processes from the ground to upper atmosphere under interaction with the ionosphere | Jin et al. (2012) Tao et al. (2020) | |
Plasma bubble model | This model is able to reproduce nonlinear growth of equatorial plasma bubbles by solving the electrodynamics of equatorial ionosphere with very high spatial resolution | Â | Yokoyama et al. (2019) |
HF-START | High Frequency Simulator Targeting for All Users' Regional Telecommunications | Hozumi et al. (2019) | |
GIC model | Time Domain Simulation of Geomagnetically Induced Current (GIC) | Â | Nakamura et al. (2018) |
Space weather benchmarks | The plausible space weather disasters in Japan with scale and frequency are described and estimated from past studies | https://www2.nict.go.jp/spe/benchmark/ (in Japanese) | Ishii et al. (2021) |