Fig. 1From: Prediction of geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) flowing in Japanese power grid for Carrington-class magnetic stormsLocations of the substations Shin-Fukushima (SFS), Shin-Tsukuba (STB) and Shin-Fuji (SFJ) as well as Kakioka Magnetic Observatory (KAK). Transmission lines are schematically drawn by the thick lines for 500 kV and the thin lines for 187–275 kV. The gray lines indicate the dipole geomagnetic latitudes with the geomagnetic pole locations determined by International Geomagnetic Reference Field 2020Back to article page