Fig. 5
From: Comparison of volcanic explosions in Japan using impulsive ionospheric disturbances
Comparison of the TECs (shown in Fig. 3) in absolute amplitudes (red). The yellow circles show VTEC values at the time and place of the eruptions calculated using GIM, and dark blue squares indicate disturbance amplitudes relative to the background VTEC. These amplitudes were further corrected for geometry factors (distance from the volcano and incidence angle of line-of-sight with wavefront) and shown in light blue squares. For the two eruptions of the Shin-Moe volcano, we compare amplitudes of atmospheric pressure changes detected by the same sensor ~ 2.6 km from the volcano caused by airwaves of the explosions. VTEC and airwave amplitudes for the three additional eruption cases of the Shin-moe volcano shown in Additional file 1: Fig. S6 are given as A (Feb. 1, 1st), B (Feb. 1, 2nd), and C (Feb. 13)