Fig. 1From: Comparison of different machine learning approaches for tropospheric profiling based on COSMIC-2 dataExample of the MLP structure used in this study. The input consists of refractivity (ref) or bending angle (BA) profiles for 190 altitude levels (H1–H190) together with latitude, hour and month of RO event. Temperature (T), pressure (P) and water vapor pressure (Vp) profiles for the corresponding altitude levels form the outputBack to article page