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Table 1 Summary of the observations for the different cases defined by the DEMETER half-orbit number and the date

From: On the use of ELF/VLF emissions triggered by HAARP to simulate PLHR and to study associated MLR events

Case

Orbit/date

HAARP

DEMETER

Chistochina

Juneau

1-hop time

1

16781.0

571 Hz

South 1-hop

No data

2-Hop

 

Day

1973 Hz

2 kHz + TR

 

2 kHz + TR

4.0 s

2007/08/23

2011 Hz

    
 

R: 0–2 kHz

    

2

16883.0

571 Hz

North 2-hop

Pulses at 2 kHz + harmonics of 571 Hz

No data

 

Day

1973 Hz

2 kHz + TR

  

4.5 s

2007/08/30

2011 Hz

    
 

R: 0–2 kHz

    
 

1710 Hz

South 1-hop

Pulses at all freq. + harmonics

No data

 
 

1890 Hz

1710 Hz + TR

   
 

2370 Hz

1890 Hz + TR

   
 

R: 0.5–3.5 kHz

    

3

20534.1

571 Hz

South 1-hop

Pulses at 1713 Hz + 2 kHz

2-hop

 

Night

1973 Hz

1713 Hz + QP

 

1713 Hz + QP

3 s

2008/05/05

2011 Hz

    
 

R: 0–2 kHz

    

4

20585.0

500 Hz

North 2-hop

Pulses at all freq. + harmonics

No data

 

Day

2575 Hz

2.5–2.7 kHz + TR

  

4 s

2008/05/08

2755 Hz

    
 

3235 Hz

    
 

2375 Hz

South 1-hop

2-hop

No data

 
 

2555 Hz

2.3–2.6 kHz + TR

All freq. + 2375 Hz + TR

  
 

3035 Hz

    
 

R: 0.5–3.5 kHz

    

5

20614.0

1110 Hz

North 2-hop

 

2-hop

3.15 s

Day

1525 Hz

2125 Hz + TR/QP

 

2125 Hz + TR/QP

 

2008/05/10

2125 Hz

 

Pulses

  
 

R: 1.3–2.3 kHz

2220 Hz + SR

1525 Hz

  
 

R: 0.8–2.8 kHz

South 1-hop

2125 Hz

2-hop

3.1 s

 

SR: 0.8–2.8 kHz

~ 2 kHz + TR/QP

2220 Hz + R + SR

~ 2 kHz + TR/QP

 

6

30816.1

520.8 Hz

North pulses

No data

No data

 

Night

2083 Hz

520.8 Hz

   

2010/04/05

 

2083 Hz + harmonics

   
  1. The frequencies of the pulses and the ramps (SR is for snake ramp) emitted by HAARP are indicated together with the frequencies of the pulses observed by DEMETER in the northern or in the southern hemisphere, and by the ground stations Chistochina and Juneau. TR is for triggered emissions and QP for quasi-periodic emissions