Fig. 20

The GPS satellite orbits with TEC fluctuation (left) and rainfall around Phimai station (right) on April 25, 2014. The intersection of line-of-sight between a satellite and PHIM station and the ionosphere at 300 km altitude are presented as the orbit. Snn (nn = 1,3,7,8,11,13,16,19,23 and 23) in the left panel means the start of PRN = nn satellite orbit and Enn means its end point. The coordinates are the elevation angle and azimuth angle measured from the south clockwise. The interval plotted here is written in the bottom of the left panel. The right panel shows the rainfall during 10:00–11:00UT estimated by the GSMaP. White area means no-rainfall. The PHIM station was located at the edge of rainfall area and no strong rainfall was observed there