From: Propagation characteristics of sporadic E and medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs): statistics using HF Doppler and GPS-TEC data in Japan
Speed \((\mathrm{m}/\mathrm{s})\)
Azimuthal direction \((\mathrm{degree})\)
Es at E region
68.9
247
MSTID at F region
68.1
250