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Earth, Planets and Space
Fig. 7 | Earth, Planets and Space

Fig. 7

From: Electromagnetic conjugacy of ionospheric disturbances after the 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcanic eruption as seen in GNSS-TEC and SuperDARN Hokkaido pair of radars observations

Fig. 7

Equivalent electric circuit of magnetosphere–ionosphere current system connecting between the sunlit Southern Hemisphere and the sunset Northern Hemisphere. The red arrows indicate the dynamo electric field mapped in the F region of the ionosphere and in the magnetically conjugate ionosphere

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