Fig. 4

S-net stations and observed OBP waveforms compared to the simulated waveforms of air pressure, sea surface, and bottom pressure. a The circles represent the locations of S-net stations. The areas shaded by white, green, yellow, orange, and red indicate the areas where \({\Delta }t\) was < 6, 6–12, 12–18, 18–30, and > 30 min, respectively. The stations connected with dark lines are those color coded to match the corresponding \({\Delta }t\) values. The waveforms of those stations are shown in b–e from north to south. The light blue circle indicates the location of S2N01. b–e The waveforms of the stations that are connected with dark lines from north to south in a. Black lines illustrate the observed bottom pressure data. Red, green, and blue lines are the input air pressure wave, simulated sea surface heights, and simulated bottom pressures, respectively. The right y-axes indicate the scale of the red and green lines. The background colors of the station names correspond to the circles’ fill colors in a