Fig. 3.
From: The origin of dust in galaxies revisited: the mechanism determining dust content
Ejected dust mass fraction, md/m, as a function of the initial stellar mass, m. The data of AGB stars (1–8 M⊙) are taken from Zhukovska et al. (2008) and those of SNe (8–40 M⊙) are taken from Nozawa et al. (2007). For the AGB data, the different symbols indicate a different metallicity Z: Z = 0.001 (diamond), Z = 0.004 (triangle), Z = 0.008 (circle), and Z = 0.02 (square). For the SNe data, the different symbols indicate a different ambient hydrogen density nh = 0.1 cm−3 (circle), nH = 1 cm−3 (triangle), and nH = 10 cm−3 (square). The open and filled symbols correspond to ‘mixed’ or ‘unmixed’ cases of Nozawa et al. (2007), respectively. The dotted, solid, and dashed lines are the cases of ξ = 1, 0.1, and 0.001, respectively, in Eq. (21).